2/18/2023 0 Comments Fission fusionHowever, research continues into ways to better harness the power of fusion, but research is in experimental stages, as scientists continue to work on controlling nuclear fusion in an effort to make a fusion reactor to produce electricity.īoth fission and fusion are nuclear reactions that produce energy, but the processes are very different. Fusion reactions are not easily controlled, and it is expensive to create the needed conditions for a fusion reaction. These benefits are countered by the difficulty in harnessing fusion. Fusion offers an appealing opportunity, since fusion creates less radioactive material than fission and has a nearly unlimited fuel supply. Some scientists believe there are opportunities to do so. While fission is used in nuclear power reactors since it can be controlled, fusion is not yet utilized to produce power. The high-speed neutrons that are ejected become projectiles that initiate other fission reactions, or chain reactions. This resulting energy is then used to heat water in nuclear reactors and ultimately produces electricity. This splits the target nucleus and breaks it down into two smaller isotopes (the fission products), three high-speed neutrons, and a large amount of energy. During the process, a neutron is accelerated and strikes the target nucleus, which in the majority of nuclear power reactors today is Uranium-235. These neutrons are accelerated and then slammed into the unstable isotope, causing it to fission, or break into smaller particles. Fission takes place when a large, somewhatunstable isotope (atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons) is bombarded by high-speed particles, usually neutrons. Just as cell’s divide, in fission an atom splits into smaller particles. Both fission and fusion alter atoms to create energy, but what is the difference between the two?įission, a term coined by scientists LIse Meitner and Otto Frisch, is named after the term “binary fission” in biology to describe cell division. The foundation of nuclear energy is harnessing the power of atoms by splitting apart, a process called fission, or combining them, called fusion. Inside the sun, fusion reactions take place at very high temperatures and enormous gravitational pressures. Look up during the day to see one of the most powerful examples of a nuclear reactor: the sun. © 2021 Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.Inside the sun, fusion reactions take place at very high temperatures and enormous gravitational pressures This review discusses the molecular mechanisms that control mitochondrial fusion and fission and how the disruption of mitochondrial dynamics manifests into various disease conditions.ĭiseases dynamics fission fusion mitochondria. The imbalance between these two processes is associated with various ailments such as cancer, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, fission is crucial for mitochondrial division and quality control. Mitochondrial fusion allows the transfer of gene products between mitochondria for optimal functioning, especially under metabolic and environmental stress. Thus, the maintenance of mitochondrial integrity and homeostasis is extremely critical, which is achieved through continual fusion and fission. Besides, they play an active role in calcium and damage-associated molecular patterns signaling, amino acid, and lipid metabolism, and apoptosis. Mitochondria are highly dynamic, maternally inherited cytoplasmic organelles, which fulfill cellular energy demand through the oxidative phosphorylation system.
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